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Disease Profile
Alport syndrome
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
Unknown
Age of onset
Adolescent
ICD-10
Q87.8
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
Alport syndrome, X-linked; Hemorrhagic familial nephritis; Hemorrhagic hereditary nephritis;
Categories
Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases; Eye diseases;
Summary
Alport
Symptoms
Alport syndrome also causes
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
Medical Terms | Other Names |
Learn More:
HPO ID
|
---|---|---|
80%-99% of people have these symptoms | ||
Diffuse glomerular basement membrane lamellation | 0030034 | |
Thin glomerular basement membrane | 0012577 | |
30%-79% of people have these symptoms | ||
0000822 | ||
Mesangial hypercellularity | 0012574 | |
Proteinuria |
High urine protein levels
Protein in urine
[ more ] |
0000093 |
5%-29% of people have these symptoms | ||
Abnormal corneal endothelium morphology | 0011488 | |
Anterior lenticonus | 0011501 | |
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis | 0000097 | |
Glomerular C3 deposition | 0012576 | |
IgA deposition in the glomerulus | 0000794 | |
Microscopic hematuria |
Small amount of blood in urine
|
0002907 |
Nephritis |
Kidney inflammation
|
0000123 |
Nephrotic syndrome | 0000100 | |
Recurrent corneal erosions |
Recurrent breakdown of clear protective layer of eye
|
0000495 |
Renal glomerular foam |
0032583 | |
Renal tubular atrophy | 0000092 | |
Retinal flecks | 0012045 | |
Sensorineural hearing impairment | 0000407 | |
Stage 5 chronic kidney disease | 0003774 | |
Thickened glomerular basement membrane | 0004722 | |
Thickening of glomerular capillary wall | 0025005 | |
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis | 0005576 | |
1%-4% of people have these symptoms | ||
Aortic aneurysm |
Bulge in wall of large artery that carries blood away from heart
|
0004942 |
Clitoral hypertrophy |
Enlarged clitoris
|
0008665 |
Cough |
Coughing
|
0012735 |
Diffuse leiomyomatosis | 0006756 | |
Poor swallowing
Swallowing difficulties
Swallowing difficulty
[ more ] |
0002015 | |
Dyspnea |
Trouble breathing
|
0002094 |
Epigastric pain | 0410019 | |
Macular degeneration | 0000608 | |
Posterior subcapsular |
0007787 | |
Recurrent bronchitis | 0002837 | |
Stridor | 0010307 | |
Vomiting |
Throwing up
|
0002013 |
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO | ||
Corneal erosion |
Damage to outer layer of the cornea of the eye
|
0200020 |
Developmental cataract |
Clouding of the lens of the eye at birth
|
0000519 |
Hypoparathyroidism |
Decreased parathyroid hormone secretion
|
0000829 |
Ichthyosis | 0008064 | |
Lenticonus | 0001142 | |
Myopia |
Close sighted
Near sighted
Near sightedness
Nearsightedness
[ more ] |
0000545 |
Progressive |
Worsens with time
|
0003676 |
Renal insufficiency |
Renal failure
Renal failure in adulthood
[ more ] |
0000083 |
Low platelet count
|
0001873 | |
0001423 | ||
0001417 |
Cause
Type IV collagen is also an important component of the
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment for other aspects of the condition are addressed as needed. For instance, surgical repairs of the eye manifestations may be recommended. Loss of hearing is likely to be permanent, but affected individuals can be assisted with hearing aids. Counseling and education to increase coping skills can be helpful. Learning new skills such as lip reading or sign language may be of some benefit. Young men with Alport syndrome should use hearing protection in noisy environments.
Additional information related to the treatment of Alport syndrome can be accessed through GeneReviews and eMedicine.
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
-
Alport Syndrome Foundation
1608 E. Briarwood Terrace
Phoenix, AZ 85048-9414
Telephone: 480-460-0621
Fax: 480-460-0621
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.alportsyndrome.org
Organizations Providing General Support
-
American Association of Kidney Patients
3505 E. Frontage Rd., Suite 315
Tampa, FL 33607-1796
Toll-free: 800-749-2257
Telephone: 813-636-8100
Fax: 813-636-8122
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.aakp.org
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
- Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Alport syndrome. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
- The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.
In-Depth Information
- GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Alport syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Alport syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. December 2013; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome.
- Meroni M and Sessa A. Alport syndrome. Orphanet. July 2007; https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=EN&Expert=63.
- Silberberg C. Alport syndrome. MedlinePlus. September 22, 2015; https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000504.htm.
- Saxena R. Alport Syndrome. Medscape Reference. July 21, 2015; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238260-treatment#showall.
- Kashtan CE. Alport Syndrome and Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy. GeneReviews. November 25, 2015; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1207/.
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